上几篇文章中我们分析了Dialog的加载绘制流程,也分析了Acvityi的加载绘制流程,说白了Android系统中窗口的展示都是通过Window对象控制,通过ViewRootImpl对象执行绘制操作来完成的,那么窗口的取消绘制流程是怎么样的呢?这篇文章就以Dialog为例说明Window窗口是如何取消绘制的。
有的同学可能会问前几篇文章介绍Activity的加载绘制流程的时候为何没有讲Activity的窗口取消流程,这里说明一下。那是因为当时说明的重点是Activity的加载与绘制流程,而取消绘制流程由于混杂在Activity的生命周期管理,可能不太明显,所以这里将Window窗口的取消绘制流程放在Dialog中,其实他们的取消绘制流程都是相似的,看完Dialog的取消绘制流程之后,再看一下Activity的取消绘制流程就很简单了。
还记得我们上一篇文章关于Dialog的例子么?我们通过AlertDialog.Builder创建了一个AlertDialog,并通过Activity中的按钮点击事件来显示这个AlertDialog,而在AlertDialog中定义了一个“知道了”按钮,点击这个按钮就会触发alertDialog.cancel方法,通过执行这个方法,我们的alertDialog就不在显示了,很明显的,cancel方法执行过程中就执行了取消绘制的逻辑,这里我们先看一下我们的例子核心代码:
title.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this.getApplication()); builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher); builder.setMessage("this is the content view!!!"); builder.setTitle("this is the title view!!!"); builder.setView(R.layout.activity_second); builder.setPositiveButton("知道了", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { alertDialog.cannel(); } }); alertDialog = builder.create(); alertDialog.show(); } });
这里的title就是我们自己的Activity中的一个TextView,通过注册这个TextView的点击事件,来显示一个AlertDialog,通过注册AlertDialog中按钮的点击事件,执行alertDialog的cancel方法。
好吧,看一下Dialog的cannel方法的具体实现:
public void cancel() { if (!mCanceled && mCancelMessage != null) { mCanceled = true; // Obtain a new message so this dialog can be re-used Message.obtain(mCancelMessage).sendToTarget(); } dismiss(); }
可以看到方法体中,若当前Dialog没有取消,并且设置了取消message,则调用Message.obtain(mCancel).sendToTarget(),前面已经分析过这里的sendToTarget方法会回调我们注册的异步消息处理逻辑:
public void setOnCancelListener(final OnCancelListener listener) { if (mCancelAndDismissTaken != null) { throw new IllegalStateException( "OnCancelListener is already taken by " + mCancelAndDismissTaken + " and can not be replaced."); } if (listener != null) { mCancelMessage = mListenersHandler.obtainMessage(CANCEL, listener); } else { mCancelMessage = null; } }
可以看到如果我们在初始化AlertDialog.Builder时,设置了setOnCancelListener,那么我们就会执行mListenersHandler的异步消息处理,好吧,这里看一下mListenersHandler的定义:
private static final class ListenersHandler extends Handler { private WeakReference<DialogInterface> mDialog; public ListenersHandler(Dialog dialog) { mDialog = new WeakReference<DialogInterface>(dialog); } @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case DISMISS: ((OnDismissListener) msg.obj).onDismiss(mDialog.get()); break; case CANCEL: ((OnCancelListener) msg.obj).onCancel(mDialog.get()); break; case SHOW: ((OnShowListener) msg.obj).onShow(mDialog.get()); break; } } }
好吧,这里调用的是设置的OnCancelListener的onCancel方法,也就是说我们调用dialog.cancel方法时首先会判断dialog是否调用了setOnCancelListener若设置了,则先调用OnCancelListener的onCancel方法,然后再次执行dismiss方法,若我们没有为Dialog.Builder设置OnCancelListener那么cancel方法和dismiss方法是等效的。
这样,我们来看一下dismiss方法的实现逻辑:
public void dismiss() { if (Looper.myLooper() == mHandler.getLooper()) { dismissDialog(); } else { mHandler.post(mDismissAction); } }
可以看到,这里首先判断当前线程的Looper是否是主线程的Looper(由于mHandler是在主线程中创建的,所以mHandler.getLooper返回的是主线程中创建的Looper对象),若是的话,则直接执行dismissDialog()方法,否则的话,通过mHandler发送异步消息至主线程中,简单来说就是判断当前线程是否是主线程,若是主线程则执行dismissDialog方法否则发送异步消息,我们看一下mHandler对异步消息的处理机制,由于这里的mDismissAction是一个Runnable对象,所以这里直接看一下mDismissAction的定义:
private final Runnable mDismissAction = new Runnable() { public void run() { dismissDialog(); } };
好吧,这里的异步消息最终也是调用的dismissDialog方法。。。。
所以无论我们执行的cancel方法还是dismiss方法,无论我们方法是在主线程执行还是子线程中执行,最终调用的都是dismissDialog方法,那么就看一下dismissDialog是怎么个执行逻辑。
void dismissDialog() { if (mDecor == null || !mShowing) { return; } if (mWindow.isDestroyed()) { Log.e(TAG, "Tried to dismissDialog() but the Dialog's window was already destroyed!"); return; } try { mWindowManager.removeViewImmediate(mDecor); } finally { if (mActionMode != null) { mActionMode.finish(); } mDecor = null; mWindow.closeAllPanels(); onStop(); mShowing = false; sendDismissMessage(); } }
好吧,看样子代码还不是特别多,方法体中,首先判断当前的mDector是否为空,或者当前Dialog是否在显示,若为空或者没有在显示,则直接return掉,也就是说当前我们的dialog已经不再显示了,则我们不需要往下在执行。
然后我们调用了mWindow.isDestroyed()方法,判断Window对象是否已经被销毁,若已经被销毁,则直接return,并打印错误日志。
然后我们调用了mWindowManager.removeViewImmediate(mDector),这里的mDector是我们Dialog窗口的根布局,看这个方法的名字应该就是Dialog去除根布局的操作了,可以看一下这个方法的具体实现。前几篇文章中我们已经分析过了这里的mWindowManager其实是WindowManagerImpl的实例,所以这里的removeViewImmediate方法应该是WindowManagerImpl中的方法,我们看一下它的具体实现:
@Override public void removeViewImmediate(View view) { mGlobal.removeView(view, true); }
可以发现,这里它调用了mGlobal.removeView方法,而这里的mGlobal是WindowManagerGlobal的实例,所以我们再看一下WIndowManagerGlobal中removeView的实现逻辑:
public void removeView(View view, boolean immediate) { if (view == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("view must not be null"); } synchronized (mLock) { int index = findViewLocked(view, true); View curView = mRoots.get(index).getView(); removeViewLocked(index, immediate); if (curView == view) { return; } throw new IllegalStateException("Calling with view " + view + " but the ViewAncestor is attached to " + curView); } }
可以发现,这里在获取了保存的mDector组件之后,又调用了removeViewLocked方法,我们在看一下这个方法的具体实现逻辑:
private void removeViewLocked(int index, boolean immediate) { ViewRootImpl root = mRoots.get(index); View view = root.getView(); if (view != null) { InputMethodManager imm = InputMethodManager.getInstance(); if (imm != null) { imm.windowDismissed(mViews.get(index).getWindowToken()); } } boolean deferred = root.die(immediate); if (view != null) { view.assignParent(null); if (deferred) { mDyingViews.add(view); } } }
看到了么,我们获取了mDector组件的ViewRootImpl,然后调用了其的die方法,通过这个方法实现Window组件的销毁流程。
boolean die(boolean immediate) { // Make sure we do execute immediately if we are in the middle of a traversal or the damage // done by dispatchDetachedFromWindow will cause havoc on return. if (immediate && !mIsInTraversal) { doDie(); return false; } if (!mIsDrawing) { destroyHardwareRenderer(); } else { Log.e(TAG, "Attempting to destroy the window while drawing!\n" + " window=" + this + ", title=" + mWindowAttributes.getTitle()); } mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MSG_DIE); return true; }
可以看到在方法体中有调用了doDie方法,看名字应该就是真正执行window销毁工作的方法了,我们在看一下doDie方法的具体实现:
void doDie() { checkThread(); if (LOCAL_LOGV) Log.v(TAG, "DIE in " + this + " of " + mSurface); synchronized (this) { if (mRemoved) { return; } mRemoved = true; if (mAdded) { dispatchDetachedFromWindow(); } if (mAdded && !mFirst) { destroyHardwareRenderer(); if (mView != null) { int viewVisibility = mView.getVisibility(); boolean viewVisibilityChanged = mViewVisibility != viewVisibility; if (mWindowAttributesChanged || viewVisibilityChanged) { // If layout params have been changed, first give them // to the window manager to make sure it has the correct // animation info. try { if ((relayoutWindow(mWindowAttributes, viewVisibility, false) & WindowManagerGlobal.RELAYOUT_RES_FIRST_TIME) != 0) { mWindowSession.finishDrawing(mWindow); } } catch (RemoteException e) { } } mSurface.release(); } } mAdded = false; } WindowManagerGlobal.getInstance().doRemoveView(this); }
可以看到方法体中,首先调用了checkThread方法,介绍Activity的绘制流程的时候有过介绍,判断当前执行代码的线程,若不是主线程,则抛出异常:
void checkThread() { if (mThread != Thread.currentThread()) { throw new CalledFromWrongThreadException( "Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views."); } }
我们顺着doDie的方法往下看,又调用了dispatchDetachedFromWindow()方法,这个方法主要是销毁Window中的各中成员变量,临时变量等
void dispatchDetachedFromWindow() { if (mView != null && mView.mAttachInfo != null) { mAttachInfo.mTreeObserver.dispatchOnWindowAttachedChange(false); mView.dispatchDetachedFromWindow(); } mAccessibilityInteractionConnectionManager.ensureNoConnection(); mAccessibilityManager.removeAccessibilityStateChangeListener( mAccessibilityInteractionConnectionManager); mAccessibilityManager.removeHighTextContrastStateChangeListener( mHighContrastTextManager); removeSendWindowContentChangedCallback(); destroyHardwareRenderer(); setAccessibilityFocus(null, null); mView.assignParent(null); mView = null; mAttachInfo.mRootView = null; mSurface.release(); if (mInputQueueCallback != null && mInputQueue != null) { mInputQueueCallback.onInputQueueDestroyed(mInputQueue); mInputQueue.dispose(); mInputQueueCallback = null; mInputQueue = null; } if (mInputEventReceiver != null) { mInputEventReceiver.dispose(); mInputEventReceiver = null; } try { mWindowSession.remove(mWindow); } catch (RemoteException e) { } // Dispose the input channel after removing the window so the Window Manager // doesn't interpret the input channel being closed as an abnormal termination. if (mInputChannel != null) { mInputChannel.dispose(); mInputChannel = null; } mDisplayManager.unregisterDisplayListener(mDisplayListener); unscheduleTraversals(); }
可以看到我们在方法中调用了mView.dispatchDetachedFromWindow方法,这个方法的作用就是将mView从Window中detach出来,我们可以看一下这个方法的具体实现:
void dispatchDetachedFromWindow() { AttachInfo info = mAttachInfo; if (info != null) { int vis = info.mWindowVisibility; if (vis != GONE) { onWindowVisibilityChanged(GONE); } } onDetachedFromWindow(); onDetachedFromWindowInternal(); InputMethodManager imm = InputMethodManager.peekInstance(); if (imm != null) { imm.onViewDetachedFromWindow(this); } ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo; final CopyOnWriteArrayList<OnAttachStateChangeListener> listeners = li != null ? li.mOnAttachStateChangeListeners : null; if (listeners != null && listeners.size() > 0) { // NOTE: because of the use of CopyOnWriteArrayList, we *must* use an iterator to // perform the dispatching. The iterator is a safe guard against listeners that // could mutate the list by calling the various add/remove methods. This prevents // the array from being modified while we iterate it. for (OnAttachStateChangeListener listener : listeners) { listener.onViewDetachedFromWindow(this); } } if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_SCROLL_CONTAINER_ADDED) != 0) { mAttachInfo.mScrollContainers.remove(this); mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_SCROLL_CONTAINER_ADDED; } mAttachInfo = null; if (mOverlay != null) { mOverlay.getOverlayView().dispatchDetachedFromWindow(); } }
其中onDetachedFromWindow方法是一个空的回调方法,这里我们重点看一下onDetachedFromWindowInternal方法:
protected void onDetachedFromWindowInternal() { mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT; mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_IS_LAID_OUT; removeUnsetPressCallback(); removeLongPressCallback(); removePerformClickCallback(); removeSendViewScrolledAccessibilityEventCallback(); stopNestedScroll(); // Anything that started animating right before detach should already // be in its final state when re-attached. jumpDrawablesToCurrentState(); destroyDrawingCache(); cleanupDraw(); mCurrentAnimation = null; }
onDetachedFromWindowInternal方法的方法体也不是特别长,都是一些调用函数,这里看一下destropDrawingCache方法,这个方法主要是销毁View的缓存Drawing,我们来看一下具体实现:
public void destroyDrawingCache() { if (mDrawingCache != null) { mDrawingCache.recycle(); mDrawingCache = null; } if (mUnscaledDrawingCache != null) { mUnscaledDrawingCache.recycle(); mUnscaledDrawingCache = null; } }
这里的mDrawingCache其实就是一个Bitmap类型的成员变量,而这里调用的recycler和置空操作其实就是把View中执行draw方法之后缓存的bitmap清空。
这里需要说明的是,我们View组件的最终显示落实是通过draw方法实现绘制的,而我们的draw方法的参数是一个Canvas,这是一个画布的对象,通过draw方法就是操作这个对象并显示出来,而Canvas对象之所以能够实现显示的效果是因为其内部保存着一个Bitmap对象,通过操作Canvas对象实质上是操作Canvas对象内部的Bitmap对象,而View组件的显示也就是通过这里的Bitmap来实现的。
而我们上文中置空了bitmap对象就相当于把View组件的显示效果置空了,就是相当于我们取消了View的draw方法的执行效果,继续回到我们的dispatchDetachedFromWindow方法,在执行了mView.dispatchDetachedFromWindow()方法之后,又调用了mView = null;方法,这里设置mView为空,这样我们有取消了View的meature和layouot的执行效果。
这样经过一系列的操作之后我们的Dialog的取消绘制流程就结束了,现在我们来看一下Activity的取消绘制流程。还记得我们“Activity的销毁流程”么?可参考:android源码解析之(十五)-->Activity销毁流程
当我们调用activity的finish方法的时候回调用ActivityThread的handleDestroyActivity方法,我们来看一下这个方法的实现:
private void handleDestroyActivity(IBinder token, boolean finishing, int configChanges, boolean getNonConfigInstance) { ... wm.removeViewImmediate(v); ... }
可以看到这里调用了这里调用了wm.removeViewImmediate方法,这个方法不就是我们刚刚分析Dialog销毁绘制流程的起始方法么?以后的逻辑都是详细的,这样我们就实现了Activity的取消绘制流程。
总结:
窗口的取消绘制流程是相似的,包括Activity和Dialog等;
通过调用WindowManager.removeViewImmediate方法,开始执行Window窗口的取消绘制流程;
Window窗口的取消绘制流程,通过清空bitma撤销draw的执行效果,通过置空View撤销meature和layout的执行效果;